Berat, often referred to as the “City of a Thousand Windows,” is one of Albania’s jewels. This UNESCO World Heritage site is draped in historic, white houses that cling to a steep mountainside and is surrounded by the picturesque Osum River and rugged hills. Berat is a treasure trove of cultural riches and stunning Ottoman architecture. From the ancient walls of its Citadel to the quaint Ottoman houses in the Mangalem and Gorica districts, the city offers a fascinating glimpse into Albania’s past.
This article will guide you through the best things to do in Berat and provide practical tips to make your visit unforgettable.
Where is Berat located in Albania?
Situated in central Albania, Berat lies along the scenic Osum River. It is just over a 1.5-hour drive northeast of Tirana, making it a popular day trip destination from the capital.
If you drive 1.5 hours south from Berat, you’ll reach the Osumi Canyon, an ideal spot for outdoor adventures like rafting or canyoning. To the west, a 1.5-hour drive will take you to Vlorë, a gateway to the Albanian Riviera with its beautiful beaches and crystal-clear waters. Nearby, you can also explore the Apollonia archaeological park, which boasts well-preserved ruins from ancient Greece.
Why Berat is worth visiting
Known as the ‘city of a thousand windows’, Berat ranks among Albania’s most picturesque historic cities. Its old town has earned a spot on the UNESCO World Heritage list, making Berat a compelling stop on any Albanian itinerary.
The city captivates with its white Ottoman houses cascading down the hillsides, creating an atmosphere akin to an open-air museum brimming with cultural heritage. Visitors can explore the formidable Berat Castle, dating back to the 13th century, stroll through the historic districts of Mangalem and Gorica, and savor traditional Albanian dishes in quaint local restaurants. Additionally, the city is home to numerous historical churches and mosques, often found clustered together.
Where to stay in Berat
Staying overnight in Berat is essential if you truly want to explore this unique destination in Albania. This allows you ample time to thoroughly explore both the castle hill and the old town. Additionally, Berat serves as an excellent base for a scenic day trip to the stunning Osumi Canyon. So, unpack your bags, make yourself comfortable, and immerse yourself in the authentic charm of this Albanian city.
Booking.comIn Berat, you can choose from accommodations in three centrally located districts: Kalaja, Mangalem, or Gorica. Each area offers small hotels located in authentically restored mansions. Mangalem is particularly popular due to its central location and accessibility. However, we personally prefer Gorica for its equal charm and quieter, more relaxed atmosphere, which often means slightly lower hotel prices.
The best hotels in Berat:
#1 Hotel Kapllani (Gorica) breathes historical charm with its authentic features like rough stone walls, beamed ceilings, rounded arches, and exquisite wood carvings. It offers a restaurant and bar with a magical view overlooking the river and Berat’s castle hill.
#2 N’Gorice (Gorica) captures the essence of old Berat in its boutique setting. Guests often rave about the cozy accommodations, luxurious bathrooms, ideal location, and friendly service.
#3 Beratino Hotel (Mangalem) is an inviting hotel that blends modern comforts with authentic elements. The ceilings, stone walls, and wooden floors throughout the hotel transport guests back in time, while offering contemporary amenities. Selecting a room with a balcony provides stunning views of the old town.
#4 Hotel Vila Aleksander (Mangalem) impresses with its elegant historic structure and a renowned terrace that offers breathtaking views across Berat. Starting your day with breakfast on this rooftop is an unforgettable experience.
#5 Berati Castle Hotel (Kalaja) is highly sought-after for its genuine old-world charm and modern amenities. Nestled within the castle walls, it offers a restaurant that serves exquisite local cuisine, enhancing the historical experience.
Berat or Gjirokaster?
Berat and Gjirokaster, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, are among Albania’s most enchanting cities. Each city has its own distinct charm, making it hard to choose between them. While they share some similarities like historical castles and hillside locations with picturesque old towns, their unique features set them apart.
Gjirokaster, known as the “City of Stone”, is famed for its unique Ottoman-inspired architecture. Wander through its old town—a beautiful maze of narrow, cobblestoned streets and historic stone houses topped with traditional slate roofs. It feels like stepping back into another era. The city is also notable for its well-preserved Ottoman mansions, now museums offering a glimpse into authentic Gjirokaster life. Located in the southern part of Albania, Gjirokaster is quite a distance from the capital, Tirana.
Berat, known as the ‘City of a Thousand Windows,’ gets its nickname from the distinctive architecture of the old houses in the Mangalem and Gorica districts. These houses, clinging to the mountainside and overlooking the Osumi River, create a mesmerizing sea of windows. Berat’s old districts, with their beautiful cobblestone alleys and white-washed houses adorned with countless windows, present a picturesque scene where time seems to stand still.
Despite their similarities in showcasing Ottoman architecture and historical ambiance, Gjirokaster and Berat each offer a unique experience. Gjirokaster is distinguished by its signature stone architecture, while Berat is known for its scenic river setting. Both cities boast impressive citadels, but Gjirokaster is renowned for its museum houses, and Berat for its array of mosques and churches.
If you need to choose between the two, consider their locations. Berat is closer to the capital, Tirana, making it more accessible for shorter trips, while Gjirokaster is further south. If your time in Albania is limited, visiting Berat from Tirana might be more feasible. However, if you can spare the time, visiting both cities is highly recommended as each has its own unique beauty and charm.
Learn more: Berat or Gjirokastër—An In-Depth Comparison
Berat Map
Top things to do in Berat
#1 The Citadel of Berat
Berat’s most renowned landmark is its ancient citadel, often referred to as Berat Castle. Locally known as Kalaja e Beratit or simply Kalaja, this citadel looms high above the old town.
Initially a fortress in the 4th century, it was transformed into a fortified town in the 13th century. Today, it’s not just a historical monument but a living city with residents. Its hilltop location offers a mix of old walls, historical castle features, narrow streets, historic houses, shops, and stalls, making it feel like its own unique village within Berat.
Originally home to 42 churches, eight remain today. You can also find ruins of two of Albania’s oldest mosques, the Red Mosque and the White Mosque. Don’t miss the 13th-century St. Mary of Blachernae Church, known for its original colorful frescoes. Also worth visiting is the 13th-century Church of the Holy Trinity, situated on a hill within the walls and offering a breathtaking view with its typical Byzantine style.
Another highlight in the Kalaja district, within the old citadel, is the Onufri Iconography Museum. Housed in an old church, this museum showcases ancient ecclesiastical art alongside stunning paintings.
#2 Berat Viewing Platform
For the best view over Berat, head to the Berat Viewing Platform located at the end of the citadel. This spot offers panoramic views of the old town and the surrounding landscapes, with the picturesque white houses of old Berat below, nestled among the mountains and bisected by the winding Osum River.
This viewpoint is particularly popular at sunset when the city is bathed in a golden glow, providing perfect photo opportunities. The Berat Viewing Platform is freely accessible and a must-visit for any traveler.
#3 Mangalem District, the Old Town
Mangalem, the historic district at the foot of the citadel, is Berat’s old medieval town. This area is a labyrinth of narrow, winding streets and characteristic Ottoman houses built into the steep hillsides.
Mangalem’s architecture, noted for its many windows, earned Berat the nickname ‘the city of a thousand windows.’ The narrow, paved streets and the white stone houses with their wooden balconies create a timeless atmosphere. Originally the Muslim quarter, in contrast to the Christian quarter of Gorica across the river, today both districts form the heart of historic Berat without any religious distinction.
In Mangalem, you’ll find several important religious buildings, including the Lead Mosque, the King’s Mosque, and the Bachelors’ Mosque, each adding to the rich cultural tapestry of Berat.
#4 The Gorica District, Berat’s Old Christian Quarter
On the other side of the Osum River from the bustling Mangalem lies Gorica, once known as Berat’s Christian quarter. While the distinction of religious neighborhoods has faded over time, Gorica differs mainly because it’s separated by the river, resulting in fewer tourists and a more tranquil environment.
Gorica’s homes, built in the traditional Ottoman style, climb the hillside just as those in Mangalem do. From the top of Gorica, you get a beautiful view across the river to Mangalem and the towering Kalaja Castle. Gorica is home to two noteworthy churches, the Church of Saint Michael and the Church of Saint Spyridon. Both dating back to the 18th century, they are admired for their stunning frescoes and icons.
#4 The Red Mosque
Located near the southern walls inside Berat’s citadel, the Red Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Albania and a key historical landmark. Known originally as the Mosque of the Ruler or the Mosque of Conquest, it was built just after the Ottoman takeover of Berat in 1417.
Today, what remains of the mosque are parts of the old walls and the minaret. The minaret still contains its original spiral staircase leading to the top. While the Red Mosque is no longer in use and largely stands as a ruin, it was declared a cultural monument in 1961. Nearby, you can also find remains of the old White Mosque.
#5 The Mosques of Berat
Several active mosques in Berat’s historic center reflect the city’s rich religious heritage. The most prominent is the 16th-century Lead Mosque, known locally as Xhamia e Plumbit. This complex once included a bazaar, a religious school (madrasa), a soup kitchen (imaret), a regular school, a Turkish bath, and a public fountain (shadirvan). The mosque’s name comes from its lead-covered domes, a distinctive architectural feature. Today, the Lead Mosque is listed as a Cultural Monument of Albania.
Other notable mosques in Berat’s old town include the 15th-century King Mosque (Xhamia Mbret) and the 18th-century Halveti Tekke, both located side by side in a picturesque square.
#6 Saint Demetrius Cathedral
Situated in Mangalem close to the famous Lead Mosque, Saint Demetrius Cathedral is dedicated to Saint Demetrius, a Christian martyr celebrated for his unwavering faith and protective powers. The cathedral’s architecture is typical of Byzantine style, centered around a prominent dome. The interior is relatively simple, highlighted by striking gold-colored icons that draw attention.
#8 Bachelors’ Mosque
Located in Mangalem near the river, the Bachelors’ Mosque, initially known as the Sylejman Pasha Mosque, stands as an important cultural symbol. Built in the 19th century, this mosque features a two-story design with arched pillars on the ground floor and a notably low minaret. Distinctive for its colorful decorations just beneath the roof, the mosque is a visual standout among Mangalem’s historic buildings.
It originally served as a place of worship for unmarried young men—hence the name. But the mosque’s porch (hajati) was used during Enver Hoxha’s communist regime as a storage area for women’s underwear, an act meant to insult the Islamic faith.
#9 The Gorica Bridge
Spanning the Osum River, the Gorica Bridge is one of Albania’s oldest and most iconic Ottoman bridges. Historically, it has served as the primary connection between the historic neighborhoods of Mangalem and Gorica. While a newer, modern bridge now also provides passage, the Gorica Bridge retains its traditional role and charm.
Originally built from wood in 1780 and later reconstructed in stone during the 1920s, the bridge now features seven stone arches stretching a length of 129 meters and a width of 5.3 meters. According to local legends, a young woman was entombed alive within the bridge’s structure to appease spirits and ensure its stability.
#10 The Museum Houses of Berat
If you’re intrigued by Berat’s “thousand windows” and wish to explore inside these historic homes, visit the House Museum Qako in the Gorica district. This museum offers a glimpse into Berat’s traditional lifestyle, preserved within a typical Ottoman house. Visitors are especially captivated by the ancient paintings and the exquisitely carved wooden ceilings.
Another must-visit is the National Ethnographic Museum, located in one of Berat’s most beautiful mansions. Here, you can view a variety of household items and get an up-close look at the interior of an authentic building.
Tip: For those who admire authentic Ottoman architecture, consider staying in one of Berat’s historical hotels, which are often housed in these traditional homes and are usually even better preserved and restored than the museum houses themselves.
#11 Hotel Colombo Berat
In the eastern part of Berat’s newer area stands the impressive Hotel Colombo, housed in a strikingly large white neoclassical building topped with a grand dome over 40 meters high. This building originally served as the University of Berat, established in 2010 but closed two years later amid controversies over issuing fake diplomas. Since 2020, it has been transformed into a luxurious hotel.
The Hotel Colombo’s grand neoclassical architecture brings a touch of elegance and grandeur to Berat, contrasting sharply with the traditional Ottoman architecture prevalent throughout the city. The transformation from an educational institution to a luxury hotel adds a unique chapter to the building’s history.
#12 The Osum Canyon
Often dubbed the ‘Grand Canyon of Albania’, the Osum Canyon is a breathtaking natural wonder about 1.5 hours’ drive from Berat. As the country’s largest canyon, it offers dramatic vistas and is a haven for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers. The canyon extends for about 13 kilometers and features steep cliffs up to 80 meters high.
The dynamic Osum River has sculpted an incredible landscape here, marked by waterfalls, rapids, and tranquil swimming holes. While rafting is popular from late April to mid-June, the canyon’s views can be enjoyed year-round from various vantage points. The Osum Canyon Bridge is a favored spot, providing panoramic views deep within the gorge.
Access to Osum Canyon can be challenging due to rough road conditions. It’s generally recommended to opt for an organized tour rather than attempting to navigate the area in a rental car or camper, ensuring a safer and more enjoyable visit.
